Mac自签名ssl证书, 绑定域名启用https

在Mac下给自己签发泛域名证书并本地信任

生成root CA(仅需一次)

自签名证书, IOS 13/macOS 10.15有了新规定, 所以需要按如下方式生成.

# 多个域名都可以用root CA签名
mkdir ~/.ssl; cd ~/.ssl;
openssl genrsa -out rootca.key 2048;
openssl req -new -key rootca.key -out rootca.csr -sha256 -subj "/CN=Dev Root CA"
echo "basicConstraints=CA:true" > rootca.cnf;
openssl x509 -req -in rootca.csr -signkey rootca.key -out rootca.crt -extfile rootca.cnf -sha256 -days 825;
open rootca.crt; # Mac钥匙串 打开(或, 双击文件名)
# 钥匙串: 搜索 Dev Root CA, 双击证书, 设置始终信任 (Trust - When using this certificate: Always Trust).
# for Android:
# openssl x509 -inform PEM -outform DER -in rootca.crt -out rootca.der.crt

创建本地ssl证书(使用lvh.me域名)

openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout lvh.me.key -out lvh.me.csr -sha256 -subj "/CN=lvh.me"
cat > domain.cnf <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:false
keyUsage=digitalSignature,keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth
subjectAltName=@alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1=lvh.me
DNS.2=*.lvh.me
DNS.3=*.test.lvh.me
EOF
# 使用root CA签名
openssl x509 -req -in lvh.me.csr -out lvh.me.crt -extfile domain.cnf -CA rootca.crt -CAkey rootca.key -CAcreateserial -sha256 -days 825

lvh.me 是一个指向127.0.0.1的泛域名服务, 优点: 不需要改DNS/hosts, 各项目使用不同的域名方便隔离(比如cookies/密码管理器). 类似的还有xip.io, nip.io, localtest.me, fuf.me, vcap.me等.

使用Apache或Nginx 绑定域名

1.使用Apache

# 1. 编辑 `/etc/apache2/httpd.conf`
# 注释掉 这些行:
LoadModule mpm_prefork_module libexec/apache2/mod_mpm_prefork.so
Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
# 最下面添加:
Listen 443
ServerName localhost
LoadModule mpm_event_module libexec/apache2/mod_mpm_event.so
LoadModule proxy_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule macro_module libexec/apache2/mod_macro.so
LoadModule ssl_module libexec/apache2/mod_ssl.so
LoadModule socache_shmcb_module libexec/apache2/mod_socache_shmcb.so
LoadModule http2_module libexec/apache2/mod_http2.so
Include /Users/leon/.ssl/httpd-vhosts.conf

# 2. 编辑 ~/.ssl/httpd-vhosts.conf, 增加:
<Macro SSLLvh>
  SSLEngine on
  SSLCertificateFile /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.crt
  SSLCertificateKeyFile /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.key
  Protocols h2 http/1.1
</Macro>
<Macro Test>
  ServerName test.lvh.me
  ProxyRequests off
  <Location />
    ProxyPass http://localhost:3000/
    ProxyPassReverse http://localhost:3000/
  </Location>
</Macro>
<VirtualHost *:80>
  Use Test
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
  Use SSLLvh
  Use Test
</VirtualHost>
<Macro Demo>
# ...
</Macro>
<VirtualHost *:443>
  Use SSLLvh
  Use Demo
</VirtualHost>

# 3. 启动Apache
# sudo apachectl configtest # test
sudo apachectl -k restart # 启动
# sudo apachectl -e debug # print errors
# sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist # 开机启动

2.使用 Nginx

sudo apachectl -k stop # 停止 apache 服务
brew install nginx # 用brew安装
# 编辑 `/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`
# listen 80; 改为: listen 80;
# root   html; 改为:
# root /Users/leon/Downloads;
# autoindex on;
# include servers/*; 改为: include conf.d/*.conf;

chmod 755 /Users/leon/Downloads
mkdir /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d;
# 编辑 `/usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf`;
server {
  listen 80;
  server_name test.lvh.me;
  # include lvh_ssl.conf;
  listen 443 ssl http2;
  ssl_certificate /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.crt;
  ssl_certificate_key /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.key;
  ssl_session_timeout 5m;
  ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
  ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
  }
}
# fix Permission denied while uploading
sudo chmod o+x /usr/local/var
sudo chown -vhR nobody:admin /usr/local/var/run/nginx
# brew services list
sudo brew services restart nginx # 启动
# sudo brew services stop nginx
sudo nginx -s reload # 重启